/* Setting Up Root Variables */
:root {
    /* Core Brand Colors (Only 5 colors needed) */
    --primary-dark: #064A60;    /* Main dark color for text, backgrounds */
    --primary-light: #FBF5F3;   /* Main light color for backgrounds, cards */
    --accent-blue: #086788;     /* Blue accent for highlights, links, borders */
    --light-blue: #BCD4DE;      /* Light blue for borders, hover states */
    --readable-text: #222222;   /* Very dark text for maximum readability */
    
    /* Transparency versions (when needed) */
    --primary-dark-transparent: #064A60bd;
    --primary-light-transparent: #fbf5f3f1;
    
    /* Simplified aliases for semantic use */
    --card-bg: var(--primary-light);
    --card-border: var(--light-blue);
    --card-text: var(--primary-dark);
    --card-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    scroll-padding-top: 100px; /* Account for navbar height + some extra spacing */
}

* {
    font-family: "League Spartan", Arial, sans-serif;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0
}

body {
    background: var(--primary-light);
    overflow-x: hidden;
    /* Removed min-width: 800px for mobile responsiveness */
}

.light {
    background-color: var(--primary-light);
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* ================================= 
   DARK SECTION BACKGROUNDS
   ================================= */
.people, .news, .teaching, .alumni {
    background-color: var(--primary-dark);
    color: var(--primary-light);
}

/* Only make main section titles white, not card content */
.people-title, .news-title, .teaching-title, .alumni-title,
.people > .people-left h1, .news > .news-left h1, 
.teaching > .teaching-left h1, .alumni > .team-left h1 {
    color: var(--primary-light) !important;
}

.people li a, .news li a, .teaching li a, .alumni li a {
    color: var(--light-blue);
}

/* Make teaching section links more readable on dark background */
.teaching li a {
    color: var(--primary-light);
}

/* But ensure card content links stay dark on white backgrounds */
.teaching .teaching-card .resource-list a {
    color: var(--primary-dark) !important;
}

.people li a:hover, .news li a:hover, .teaching li a:hover, .alumni li a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-light);
}

/* ================================= 
   UNIVERSAL CARD SYSTEM
   ================================= */

/* Base card styling - inherited by all card types */
.card-base {
    background: var(--card-bg);
    border: 2px solid var(--card-border);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px var(--card-shadow);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.card-base:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

/* Universal card typography */
.card-title {
    font-size: var(--font-size-card-title);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--card-title);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.card-subtitle {
    font-size: var(--font-size-card-subtitle);
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--card-subtitle);
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
}

.card-body {
    font-size: var(--font-size-card-body);
    color: var(--card-text);
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.card-small-text {
    font-size: var(--font-size-small);
    color: var(--card-text);
}

/* ICONS AND ARROWS */
.icon {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    font-size: 2rem;
    padding-top: 10px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
  }
  
.icon:hover {
      color: var(--light-blue);
      transform: scale(1.2);
      transition: all 0.3s ease;
  }



.arrow{
    z-index: 2;
    font-size: 3rem;
    position: absolute;
    color: white;
    text-shadow: var(--text-shadow) 0px 0px 10px;
    bottom: 0; /* Position at the bottom of the parent */
    left: 50%; /* Center horizontally */
    transform: translateX(-50%); /* Adjust for centering */
    margin-bottom: 50px;
    transform-origin: center;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.arrow3{
    z-index: 2;
    font-size: 3rem;
    position: absolute;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    
    bottom: 20px; /* Position closer to the bottom of the section */
    left: 50%; /* Center horizontally across full section */
    transform: translateX(-50%); /* Adjust for centering */
    transform-origin: center;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

/* White arrows for dark sections */
.arrow-white {
    z-index: 2;
    font-size: 3rem;
    position: absolute;
    color: white;
    text-shadow: var(--text-shadow) 0px 0px 10px;
    bottom: 20px; /* Position closer to the bottom of the section */
    left: 50%; /* Center horizontally across full section */
    transform: translateX(-50%); /* Adjust for centering */
    transform-origin: center;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.arrow:hover, .arrow3:hover, .arrow-white:hover  {
    transform: translateX(-50%) scale(1.2); /* Scale from the center */
}

/* broad cases */

.hidden {
    opacity: 0;
    filter: blur(20px);
    transition: all 1s ease;
    transform: translateX(-5vw)
}

.show {
    opacity: 1;
    filter: blur(0);
    transition: all 1s ease;
    transform: translateX(0)
}


/* callout */
.callout, .news-card {
    border: 2px solid var(--accent-blue); /* Blue border */
    background-color: var(--primary-light); /* Light blue background */
    padding: 15px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin: 10px 0;
    color: var(--readable-text);
}

.news-card {
    width: 100%;
}

.callout h3, .news-card h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    color: var(--accent-blue); /* Match the border color */
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    padding-bottom: 20px;
}

/* navbar */
.navbar {
    width: 100%;
    background-color: var(--primary-light);
    display: flex;
    border-style: border-box;
    position: fixed;
    justify-content: space-evenly;
    padding-top: .25rem;
    padding-bottom: .25rem;
    align-items: center;
    max-height: 75px;
    z-index: 3;
    transition: all 1s ease;
    border-bottom: var(--light-blue) 2px solid;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(-100%);

}

.navbar.show {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Hamburger Menu Styles */
.hamburger {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0.5rem;
    z-index: 1000;
    position: relative;
}

.hamburger-line {
    width: 25px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: var(--primary-dark);
    margin: 2px 0;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    transform-origin: center;
}

.hamburger.active .hamburger-line:nth-child(1) {
    transform: rotate(45deg) translate(5px, 5px);
}

.hamburger.active .hamburger-line:nth-child(2) {
    opacity: 0;
}

.hamburger.active .hamburger-line:nth-child(3) {
    transform: rotate(-45deg) translate(7px, -6px);
}

.nav-flex {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    width: 100%;
    position: relative;
}

.nav-title {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding-block: 5px;
    margin-bottom: 2px;
    position: relative   
}

.nav-title a {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* Navbar logo visibility states */
.navbar {
    transform: translateY(-35px) !important;
    transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
}

.navbar .nav-title {
    opacity: 0 !important;
    visibility: hidden !important;
    transform: translateY(-20px) !important;
    transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
}

.navbar.show-logo {
    transform: translateY(0) !important;
}

.navbar.show-logo .nav-title {
    opacity: 1 !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
    transform: translateY(0) !important;
    transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
}

.navbar ul {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    padding: 0 2rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
}

.navbar ul a {
    position: relative;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    transition: all .3s ease;
    padding: .35rem .6rem;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.navbar ul a:hover {
    background-color: var(--light-blue);
    border-radius: 5px
}

/* landing */

.landing {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100vh;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    background-color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.landing-image {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%; /* Ensure the image spans the full width */
  height: 100vh; /* Keep the height to fill the viewport */
  object-fit: cover; /* Ensures the image scales properly and starts from the top */
  display: block; /* Remove flex properties if not needed */
}


.landing-image .landing-text {
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem);
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    color: var(--primary-light);
    text-align: center;
    text-shadow: 0 2px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);
    padding: 1rem 2rem
}

.ls-thin {
    font-size: clamp(1rem, 2.5vw, 2rem);
    font-weight: 300;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    max-width: 90%;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    hyphens: auto;
}

.landing-image>img:first-of-type{
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    overflow: hidden;
    display: block;
    z-index: 0;
    opacity: 0.5;
}

.landing-title{
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 2px;
    animation: gentleFloat 5s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes gentleFloat {
    0%, 100% {
        transform: translateY(5px);
    }
    50% {
        transform: translateY(-10px);
    }
}

.callout {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--feature-primary);
    padding: 10px;
    margin-top: 20px;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.callout h3 {
    margin: 0 0 5px;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: var(--feature-primary);
}

.callout p {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

/*research, people, etc*/
.research-title, .people-title, .team-title, .teaching-title, .pubs-title, .news-title, .applications-title {
    font-size: 3.5rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    text-align: right;
}


.research, .people, .team, .pubs, .teaching, .news, .applications {
    width: 100%;
    min-height: calc(100vh - 100px);
    box-sizing: border-box;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap ;
    gap: 100px; /* Optional: Add space between columns */
    padding-inline: 1rem;
    padding-block: 2rem;
    position: relative;
}
@media screen and (max-height: 500px) and (orientation: landscape) and (min-width: 600px) {
.research, .people, .team, .pubs, .teaching, .news, .applications {
    min-height: 150vh; /* Reduced from 200vh for better mobile experience */
}
}

.team, .alumni, .pubs, .teaching, .news, .applications {
    min-height: auto;
    padding-bottom: 100px; /* Add space for the arrow */
}

.research::before, .people::before, .team::before, .pubs::before, .teaching::before, .news::before, .applications::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 10%; /* Start 10% from left */
    right: 10%; /* End 10% from right */
    height: 1px;
    background-color: var(--primary-dark-transparent);
}

.research::after, .people::after, .team::after, .pubs::after, .teaching::after, .news::after, .applications::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 10%; /* Start 10% from left */
    right: 10%; /* End 10% from right */
    height: 1px;
    background-color: var(--primary-dark-transparent);
}

.research-left, .people-left, .team-left, .pubs-left, .teaching-left, .news-left, .applications-left {
    flex: 1;
    text-align: right; /* Align text to the left */
    position: sticky; /* Keeps the column fixed within the parent container */
    top: 40%; /* Sticks to the top of the viewport */
    height: auto; /* Adjust height dynamically */
    align-self: flex-start; /* Ensure proper alignment */
    padding-left: 10%;
}

.research-right, .people-right, .team-right, .pubs-right, .teaching-right, .applications-right {
    text-align: left; /* Align text to the left */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    flex: 4;
    padding-right: 10%;
}

 .news-right {
    text-align: left; /* Align text to the left */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: center;
    flex: 4;
    padding-right: 10%;
}
.teaching-text {
    flex: 1;
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

/* Teaching Grid Layout */
.teaching-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.teaching-card {
    background: var(--card-bg);
    color: var(--card-text);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px var(--card-shadow);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    border: 2px solid var(--card-border);
}

.teaching-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.course-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-blue);
}

.course-header h3 {
    font-size: var(--font-size-card-title);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--card-title);
    margin: 0;
}

.course-status {
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.course-status.active {
    background: var(--accent-blue);
    color: white;
}


.course-resources {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.resource-section {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.resource-section h4 {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
}

.resource-section h4 i {
    color: var(--accent-blue);
}

.resource-list {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.resource-list li {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    list-style: circle;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--readable-text);
    color: var(--readable-text)!important;
}

.resource-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.resource-list a {
    color: var(--readable-text);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.resource-list a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-blue);
}

.course-callout {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    background: var(--primary-light);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-blue);
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.course-callout i {
    color: var(--accent-blue);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.course-name {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}

.course-term {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: var(--readable-text);
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.course-description {
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: #444;
}

/* Responsive flex ratios */

@media (max-width: 1200px) {
    .research, .people, .team, .pubs, .teaching, .news, .applications {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 2rem;
        padding-inline: 1.5rem;
    }
    .research-left, .people-left, .team-left, .pubs-left, .teaching-left, .news-left, .applications-left {
        flex: none;
        text-align: center;
        padding-left: 2%;
        position: static;
    }
    .research-right, .people-right, .team-right, .pubs-right, .teaching-right, .news-right, .applications-right {
        flex: none;
        padding-right: 2%;
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    
    /* Publications responsive styles */
    .pubs {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 2rem;
        padding-inline: 1.5rem;
    }
    .pubs .research-left {
        flex: none;
        text-align: center;
        padding-left: 2%;
        position: static;
    }
    .pubs .research-right {
        flex: none;
        padding-right: 2%;
        padding-left: 2%;
    }
    .pubs-list {
        margin-left: 1rem;
        margin-right: 1rem;
    }
}

.research-text, .people-text, .team-text, .teaching-text, .pubs-text, .applications-text {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    line-height: 1.2;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.research-text {
    color: var(--readable-text)!important;
    margin-bottom: 10px; /* Reduced from default 20px */
}
/* =================================
   RESEARCH SECTION ENHANCEMENTS
   ================================= */
.section-subheader {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.research-overview, .research-methodology, .research-areas {
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
}

.research-focus-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.focus-area {
    background: var(--primary-light);
    border: 2px solid var(--light-blue);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    text-align: center;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}

.focus-area:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 35px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
    border-color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.focus-icon {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin: 0 auto 1rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.focus-icon i {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.focus-area:hover .focus-icon {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.focus-area h4 {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.focus-area p {
    color: var(--readable-text);
    line-height: 1.5;
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.research-impact {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-light) 0%, var(--light-blue) 100%);
    margin-top: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.research-impact h3 {
    color: var(--primary-dark) !important;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.research-impact p {
    color: var(--readable-text);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.team-text {
    text-align: left;
}

.research-image, .people img, .team img {
    max-width: 200px;
    height: auto;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
}

.people-right {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 20px; /* Space between images */
}

.team-right {
    text-align: left; /* Align text to the left */
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(450px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    align-items: stretch; /* Ensure all cards stretch to same height */
    justify-content: center;
    flex: 4;
    padding-right: 10%;
    width: 100%;
}

.alumni .team-right {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(400px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    align-items: stretch;
    justify-content: center;
}

/* People Section Styles */
.person-profile {
    display: flex;
    gap: 2rem;
    align-items: flex-start;
    background: var(--card-bg);
    border: 2px solid var(--card-border);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 2rem;
    max-width: 900px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px var(--card-shadow);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.profile-image img {
    width: 200px;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 3px solid var(--accent-blue);
            border-radius: 10px;

}

.profile-content {
    flex: 1;
}

.profile-name {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-dark) !important;
}

.profile-title {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    color: var(--readable-text);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.profile-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.profile-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.6rem 1.2rem;
    background: var(--primary-dark);
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.profile-link:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.profile-bio p {
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--readable-text);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.profile-bio strong {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.profile-bio ul {
    margin: 1rem 0;
    padding-left: 1.5rem;
}

.profile-bio li {
    line-height: 1;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--readable-text);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

/* Legacy styles for compatibility */
.tyler-text {
    flex: 4;
}

.tyler-text a {
    color: var(--primary-light);
        transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.tyler-text a:hover {
    color: var(--light-blue);
}

.tyler-image {
    flex: 1
}
.person-name {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-top: 10px;
    text-align: center;
}

.person-title {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 5px;
}

.person-email {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
    margin-top: 5px;
    text-align: center;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.team-member{
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    gap: 20px;
    width: 100%;
}

/* Team Member Cards */
.team-member-card {
    display: flex;
    gap: 2rem;
    align-items: flex-start;
    background: var(--card-bg);
    border: 2px solid var(--card-border);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px var(--card-shadow);
    height: auto;
    min-height: 280px; /* Ensure consistent minimum height */
    width: 100%; /* Ensure full width within grid */
    max-width: none; /* Remove any max-width constraints */
}

.team-member-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
    border-color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.member-left-column {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: auto; /* Let it size naturally based on content */
}

.member-photo {
    position: relative;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.member-photo img {
    width: 150px;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: 10px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 3px solid var(--accent-blue);
}

.member-status {
    position: absolute;
    top: -10px;
    right: -10px;
    padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 15px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.member-status.current {
    background: #d4edda;
    color: #155724;
    border: 2px solid #c3e6cb;
}

.member-status.graduate {
    background: #d1ecf1;
    color: #0c5460;
    border: 2px solid #bee5eb;
}

.member-status.alumni {
    background: #fff3cd;
    color: #856404;
    border: 2px solid #ffeaa7;
}

.member-info {
    flex: 1;
}

.member-name {
    font-size: var(--font-size-card-title);
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--card-title);
}

.member-title {
    font-size: var(--font-size-card-subtitle);
    color: var(--card-subtitle);
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.member-degree {
    font-size: var(--font-size-small);
    color: var(--card-text);
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    font-style: italic;
}

.research-interests h4,
.thesis-info h4,
.current-position h4 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.research-interests {
    text-align: center;
    width: 100%;
}

.interest-tags {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
}

.interest-tag {
    background: var(--light-blue);
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 15px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.member-bio p,
.thesis-title {
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--readable-text);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.thesis-title {
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--readable-text);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.thesis-info p {
    color: var(--readable-text);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.current-position {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-light) 0%, var(--light-blue) 100%);
    padding: 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-blue);
}

.current-position h4 {
    font-size: 0.9rem !important;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.current-position p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Team section specific card heights */
.team .team-member-card {
    min-height: 320px; /* Taller for current students with research interests */
}

/* Alumni section specific card heights */
.alumni .team-member-card {
    min-height: 280px; /* Shorter for alumni */
}

/* Ensure consistent member info height within cards */
.member-info {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: flex-start;
}

/* Responsive design for team cards */
@media (max-width: 1200px) {
    .team-right {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
    }
    
    .alumni .team-right {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .team-member-card {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 1.5rem;
        gap: 1.5rem;
        min-height: 280px; /* Consistent height on mobile */
        width: 100%;
    }
    
    .member-left-column {
        align-items: center;
        min-width: auto;
    }
    
    .team-right {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
        padding-right: 5%;
        padding-left: 5%;
    }
    
    .alumni .team-right {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    /* Override specific section heights on mobile */
    .team .team-member-card,
    .alumni .team-member-card {
        min-height: 280px; /* Same height for both on mobile */
    }
    
    .member-photo {
        align-self: center;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }
    
    .member-photo img {
        width: 120px;
        height: 120px;
    }
    
    .member-status {
        top: -8px;
        right: -8px;
        padding: 0.3rem 0.6rem;
        font-size: 0.7rem;
    }
    
    .member-name {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .member-title {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }
    
    .interest-tags {
        justify-content: center;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .team-member-card {
        padding: 1rem;
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
        min-height: 260px; /* Slightly smaller on very small screens */
    }
    
    .team .team-member-card,
    .alumni .team-member-card {
        min-height: 260px;
    }
    
    .member-photo img {
        width: 100px;
        height: 100px;
    }
    
    .member-name {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }
    
    .member-title {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}

/* =================================
   ENHANCED PUBLICATIONS SECTION
   ================================= */

/* Publication Sections */
.publication-section {
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
    width: 100%;
}

/* Ensure publications container takes full width */
.pubs .research-right {
    align-items: stretch; /* Override the default center alignment */
}

.publication-section .section-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.publication-section .section-header i {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--accent-blue);
}

.section-count {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: var(--accent-blue);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-left: auto;
}

.section-description {
    color: var(--readable-text);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    font-style: italic;
}

/* Publications List */
.publications-grid {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    width: 100%;
}

/* Publication List Items */
.publication-card {
    /* Inherit from universal card base */
    background: var(--card-bg);
    border: 2px solid var(--card-border);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px var(--card-shadow);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.publication-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    border-color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.publication-card.featured {
    border-width: 3px;
    background: var(--card-bg);
    position: relative;
}

.publication-card.featured::before {
    content: "★";
    position: absolute;
    top: -8px;
    right: -8px;
    background: var(--accent-blue);
    color: white;
    width: 35px;
    height: 35px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}

/* Publication Card Header */
.pub-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.pub-year {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    background: var(--light-blue);
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    min-width: 60px;
    text-align: center;
}

.pub-type {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 15px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.pub-type {
    background: #e3f2fd;
    color: #1565c0;
}

/* Publication Card Content */
.pub-title {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.3;
    color: var(--card-title);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    hyphens: auto;
    word-break: break-word;
}

.pub-authors {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    color: var(--readable-text);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.pub-authors strong {
    color: var(--readable-text);
}

.pub-journal {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--accent-blue);
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    font-style: italic;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.pub-journal i {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--accent-blue);
    margin-right: 0.5rem;
}

/* Publication Actions */
.pub-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    margin-top: auto;
    padding-top: 0.75rem;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.pub-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 0.8rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    min-width: 100px;
}

.doi-link {
    background: var(--primary-dark);
    color: var(--primary-light);
}

.doi-link:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.primary-link {
 background: var(--primary-dark);    color: var(--primary-light);
}

.primary-link:hover {
   
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.podcast-link {
    background: #9c27b0;
    color: white;
}

.podcast-link:hover {
    background: #7b1fa2;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.cite-btn {
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    border: 2px solid var(--light-blue);
    padding: 0.5rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.cite-btn:hover {
    background: var(--light-blue);
    border-color: var(--primary-dark);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* Media Showcase */
.media-showcase {
    background: var(--primary-light);
    border: 2px solid var(--light-blue);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 2rem;
    margin-top: 3rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.media-showcase h3 {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 700;
}

/* Hidden State */
.publication-section.hidden {
    display: none;
}

.publication-card.hidden {
    display: none;
}

/* No Results Message */
.no-results-message {
    display: none;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 3rem 2rem;
    background: var(--primary-light);
    border: 2px solid var(--light-blue);
    border-radius: 12px;
    margin: 2rem 0;
}

.no-results-content i {
    font-size: 4rem;
    color: var(--light-blue);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.no-results-content h3 {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.no-results-content p {
    color: var(--readable-text);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}




/* Citation Modal */
.citation-modal {
    position: fixed;
    top: 20px;
    right: 20px;
    z-index: 10000;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(100%);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.citation-modal.show {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(0);
}

.citation-modal-content {
    background: #28a745;
    color: white;
    padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1rem;
    min-width: 200px;
}

.citation-modal-content i {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: white;
}

/* Mobile responsive modal */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .citation-modal {
        top: 10px;
        right: 10px;
        left: 10px;
        width: auto;
    }
    
    .citation-modal-content {
        padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        justify-content: center;
    }
}

/* Dark Mode Publications */













/* Responsive Publications */
@media (max-width: 1200px) {
    .publications-grid {
        gap: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    .view-toggle {
        justify-content: center;
        width: 100%;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .publications-grid {
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .publication-card {
        padding: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    .pub-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 0.75rem;
    }
    
    .pub-actions {
        flex-direction: row;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .pub-link {
        flex-shrink: 0;
        min-width: auto;
    }
    
    .cite-btn {
        flex-shrink: 0;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .publication-card {
        padding: 1rem;
    }
    
    .pub-title {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
    }
    
    .publication-section .section-header {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .section-count {
        margin-left: 0;
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}

/* Publications Styles */
.section-header {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    text-align: left !important;
    align-self: flex-start;
    width: 100%;
}

.pubs .research-text {
    text-align: left;
    width: 100%;
    align-self: flex-start;
}

.pubs .research-right {
    align-items: flex-start;
    max-width: 100%;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

.pubs .section-header {
    text-align: left !important;
}

.pubs-list {
    list-style: decimal;
    margin-left: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    max-width: 100%;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

.pubs-list li {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
    font-size: 1rem;
    text-align: justify;
    hyphens: auto;
    word-break: break-word;
    max-width: 100%;
}

.pubs-list a {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.pubs-list a:hover {
    color: var(--light-blue);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.note-text {
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--readable-text);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.spotify-embed {
    margin-top: 2rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.spotify-embed iframe {
    max-width: 500px;
    width: 100%;
}
/* FOOTER */
.footer {
    background-color: var(--primary-light);
    color: black;
    padding: 20px 0;
    text-align: center;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: center; /* Align items to the top */
    justify-content: space-evenly; /* Distribute columns evenly */
}

.footer-nav ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
}

.footer a {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.footer li, .footer p {
    list-style: none;
    margin-block: 8px;
}

.footer li a, .footer-email{
    padding-block: 5px;
    padding-inline: 10px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}
.footer a:hover {
    background-color: var(--light-blue);
    border-radius: 5px
}

.footer p {
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}

.footer h4{
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}
.footer-column {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 10px;
    text-align: center;
    min-width: 100px; /* Prevent columns from shrinking too much */
}

.footer .nav-title::before,
.footer .nav-title::after {
    display: none;
}

.footer .nav-title a:hover {
    background-color: transparent;
    border-radius: 0;
}

/*news*/
.news-intro-top {
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    padding: 0 10%;
}

.news-intro-top p {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: var(--primary-light);
    margin: 0;
    font-style: italic;
    opacity: 0.9;
}

.news-intro {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    text-align: left;
    width: 100%;
    color: var(--primary-light);
}

.news-cards {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    width: 100%;
}

.news-card {
    background: var(--primary-light);
    border: 2px solid var(--accent-blue);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.news-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 35px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
    border-color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.news-card.featured {
    border-width: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-light) 0%, #f0f8ff 100%);
    position: relative;
}

.news-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.news-date {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--primary-light);
    font-weight: 500;
    background: var(--accent-blue);
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 15px;
}

.news-category {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 15px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.news-category.achievement {
    background: #d4edda;
    color: #155724;
}

.news-category.update {
    background: #d1ecf1;
    color: #0c5460;
}

.news-category.appointment {
    background: #fff3cd;
    color: #856404;
}

.news-category.celebration {
    background: #f8d7da;
    color: #721c24;
}

.news-card h3 {
    margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.news-card p {
    color: var(--readable-text);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.news-card p:last-of-type {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.news-card a {
    color: var(--accent-blue);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.news-card a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Dark mode news styles */


/* =================================
   ACCESSIBILITY
   ================================= */
.skip-link {
    position: absolute;
    top: -40px;
    left: 6px;
    background: var(--primary-dark);
    color: var(--primary-light);
    padding: 8px;
    text-decoration: none;
    z-index: 10000;
    transition: top 0.3s;
}

.skip-link:focus {
    top: 6px;
}

/* =================================
   LOADING SCREEN
   ================================= */
.loading-screen {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background-color: var(--primary-light);
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    z-index: 9999;
    opacity: 1;
    transition: opacity 0.5s ease, visibility 0.5s ease;
}

.loading-screen.hidden {
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
}

.loading-spinner {
    text-align: center;
}

.logo-load {
    display: flex;
}
.spinner {
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    border: 3px solid var(--light-blue);
    border-top: 3px solid var(--primary-dark);
    border-radius: 50%;
    animation: spin 1s linear infinite;
    margin: 0 auto 20px;
}

@keyframes spin {
    0% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
    100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

.loading-spinner p {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    letter-spacing: 2px;
}

/* =================================
   SCROLL TO TOP BUTTON
   ================================= */
.scroll-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 30px;
    right: 30px;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    background-color: var(--primary-dark);
    color: var(--primary-light);
    border: none;
    border-radius: 50%;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    z-index: 1000;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
}

.scroll-to-top.show {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.scroll-to-top:hover {
    background-color: var(--light-blue);
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

/* =================================
   APPLICATIONS SECTION
   ================================= */
.applications-text {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    text-align: left;
    width: 100%;
}

.applications-disclaimer {
    background: var(--card-bg);
    border: 2px solid var(--card-border);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.disclaimer-text {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    color: var(--card-text);
    margin: 0;
    text-align: left;
}

.disclaimer-text strong {
    color: var(--readable-text);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.applications-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.application-card {
    background: var(--card-bg);
    border: 2px solid var(--card-border);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px var(--card-shadow);
}

.application-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
    border-color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.app-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.app-header h3 {
    color: var(--card-title);
    font-size: var(--font-size-card-title);
    font-weight: 700;
    margin: 0;
    flex: 1;
}

.app-status {
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 15px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.app-status.live {
    background-color: #d4edda;
    color: #155724;
    border: 1px solid #c3e6cb;
}

.app-status.coming-soon {
    background-color: #fff3cd;
    color: #856404;
    border: 1px solid #ffeaa7;
}

.app-description {
    color: var(--readable-text);
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.app-features {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.feature-tag {
    background-color: var(--light-blue);
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 15px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.app-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.app-link {
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.app-link.primary {
    background-color: var(--primary-dark);
    color: var(--primary-light);
}

.app-link.primary:hover {
    background-color: var(--accent-blue);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.app-link.secondary {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    border: 2px solid var(--light-blue);
}

.app-link.secondary:hover {
    background-color: var(--light-blue);
    border-color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.app-link.disabled {
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
    color: #6c757d;
    cursor: not-allowed;
    border: 2px solid #dee2e6;
}

.app-link.disabled:hover {
    transform: none;
}

/* =================================
   MOBILE RESPONSIVE STYLES
   ================================= */

/* Global responsive utilities */
* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}

/* Tablet styles */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
    /* Navbar adjustments */
    .navbar {
        padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
        flex-direction: column;
        max-height: none;
        min-height: auto;
        transform: translateY(0) !important;
    }
    
    .navbar.show-logo {
        transform: translateY(0) !important;
    }
    
    .nav-flex {
        width: 100%;
        align-items: center;
        flex-direction: row;
        justify-content: center;
        position: relative;
    }
    
    .nav-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        margin-bottom: 0;
        text-align: center;
        flex: 1;
    }
    
    /* Show hamburger on tablet and mobile */
    .hamburger {
        display: flex;
        position: absolute;
        right: 1rem;
        top: 50%;
        transform: translateY(-50%);
    }
    
    .menu-container {
        position: absolute;
        top: 100%;
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        background-color: var(--primary-light);
        border-top: 2px solid var(--light-blue);
        box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
        display: none;
        z-index: 999;
    }
    
    .menu-container.active {
        display: block;
    }
    
    .navbar ul {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0;
        padding: 1rem 0;
        width: 100%;
        align-items: center;
    }
    
    .navbar ul a {
        font-size: 1rem;
        padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
        width: 100%;
        text-align: center;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--light-blue);
        border-radius: 0;
    }
    
    .navbar ul a:last-child {
        border-bottom: none;
    }
    
    .navbar ul a:hover {
        background-color: var(--light-blue);
        border-radius: 0;
    }
    
    /* Section adjustments */
    .research, .people, .team, .pubs, .teaching, .news, .applications {
        min-height: 100vh;
        padding: 1rem;
    }
    
    .research-left, .people-left, .team-left, .pubs-left, .teaching-left, .news-left, .applications-left {
        padding-left: 5%;
        padding-right: 5%;
    }
    
    .research-right, .people-right, .team-right, .pubs-right, .teaching-right, .news-right, .applications-right {
        padding-left: 5%;
        padding-right: 5%;
    }

    /* Teaching responsive */
    .teaching-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }

    .teaching-card {
        padding: 1.2rem;
    }

    .course-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }

    .course-status {
        align-self: flex-start;
        padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }
    
    /* Applications mobile adjustments */
    .applications-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    /* Research mobile adjustments */
    .research-focus-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .section-subheader {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        margin-top: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .focus-area {
        padding: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    .focus-icon {
        width: 50px;
        height: 50px;
    }
    
    .focus-icon i {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    /* People section mobile adjustments */
    .person-profile {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 1.5rem;
        margin: 0 1rem;
    }
    
    .profile-image img {
        width: 150px;
        height: auto;
        margin: 0 auto;
        border-radius: 10px;
    }
    
    .profile-name {
        font-size: 2rem;
        color: var(--primary-dark);
    }
    
    .profile-links {
        justify-content: center;
    }
}

/* Mobile phone styles */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
    /* Enhanced navbar for small screens */
    .navbar {
        padding: 0.5rem;
        transform: translateY(0) !important;
    }
    
    .navbar.show-logo {
        transform: translateY(0) !important;
    }
    
    .nav-title {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
        text-align: center;
        flex: 1;
    }
    
    .hamburger {
        right: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .navbar ul a {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    }
    
    /* Sections for mobile */
    .research, .people, .team, .pubs, .teaching, .news, .applications {
        min-height: 100vh;
        padding: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .research-left, .people-left, .team-left, .pubs-left, .teaching-left, .news-left, .applications-left {
        padding: 0 2%;
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .research-right, .people-right, .team-right, .pubs-right, .teaching-right, .news-right, .applications-right {
        padding: 0 2%;
    }
    
    /* Typography adjustments */
    h1 { font-size: 1.8rem; }
    h2 { font-size: 1.5rem; }
    h3 { font-size: 1.3rem; }
    h4 { font-size: 1.1rem; }
    
    /* Card and content adjustments */
    .team-member-card, .publication-card {
        margin: 0.5rem 0;
        padding: 1rem;
    }
    
    .news-cards {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .news-intro-top {
        padding: 0 5%;
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .news-intro-top p {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
    
    .news-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 0.75rem;
    }
    
    .news-card h3 {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
    }
    
    /* Image responsiveness */
    .research-image, .people img, .team img, .tyler-image {
        max-width: 100%;
        height: auto;
    }
    
    .landing-image img {
        width: 100%;
        height: auto;
        object-fit: cover;
    }
    
    /* Team member grid adjustments */
    .team-members-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1rem;
    }
}

/* Landscape phone orientation */
@media screen and (max-height: 500px) and (orientation: landscape) {
    .research, .people, .team, .pubs, .teaching, .news, .applications {
        min-height: 100vh;
        padding: 1rem 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .navbar {
        padding: 0.25rem;
        max-height: 80px;
    }
    
    .nav-title {
        font-size: 1rem;
        margin-bottom: 5px;
    }
    
    .navbar ul a {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        padding: 0.3rem 0.5rem;
    }
}

/* Very small screens */
@media (max-width: 320px) {
    .navbar {
        padding: 0.25rem;
    }
    
    .nav-title {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
    
    .hamburger {
        right: 0.25rem;
    }
    
    .navbar ul a {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
    }
    
    .research, .people, .team, .pubs, .teaching, .news, .applications {
        padding: 0.25rem;
        min-height: 100vh;
    }
}